Brown L H, Fowler N H
East Carolina University, School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, USA.
Prehosp Emerg Care. 1999 Apr-Jun;3(2):157-62. doi: 10.1080/10903129908958925.
To determine whether EMS educational programs in North Carolina adequately prepare paramedics, and whether there is additional value to an associate of applied science (AAS) degree education in EMS when compared with traditional certificate training programs.
Surveys were developed and distributed to EMS administrators, AAS paramedics, and certificate paramedics. The administrators were asked to rate the performance of both AAS and certificate paramedics in the areas of preemployment evaluation, patient-care skills, and non-patient-care duties. The paramedics were asked to rate their preparation for specific responsibilities within those three categories. All of the participants were asked to describe the requirements for employment within their EMS systems, and any preferences given to AAS paramedics.
The administrators rated both AAS and certificate paramedics as good or excellent in all three categories. The paramedics also rated their preparation for patient care as good or excellent. The certificate paramedics rated their preparation for eight non-patient-care duties significantly lower than did the AAS paramedics. The eight areas were: 1) verbal communication, 2) reading ability, 3) leadership, 4) conflict resolution, 5) computer skills, 6) teaching skills, 7) personal health/hygiene, and 8) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) compliance. Fewer than half of the EMS administrators reported preferences in hiring (46.2%) or promotion (39.6%) for AAS paramedics, but at least half (50.0% and 54.2%) of the AAS paramedics worked in systems offering such preferences.
While administrators and paramedics believe the current EMS educational programs in North Carolina adequately prepare students to function as paramedics, there are identifiable areas that require additional emphasis. There appears to be additional value to an AAS education when compared with traditional certificate EMS educational programs.
确定北卡罗来纳州的急救医疗服务（EMS）教育项目是否能充分培养护理人员，以及与传统证书培训项目相比，急救医疗服务应用科学副学士学位（AAS）教育是否具有额外价值。
设计调查问卷并分发给EMS管理人员、AAS护理人员和证书护理人员。要求管理人员对AAS和证书护理人员在入职前评估、患者护理技能和非患者护理职责方面的表现进行评分。要求护理人员对他们在这三个类别中承担特定职责的准备情况进行评分。所有参与者都被要求描述其EMS系统内的就业要求，以及对AAS护理人员的任何偏好。
管理人员对AAS和证书护理人员在所有三个类别中的评价均为良好或优秀。护理人员也将他们在患者护理方面的准备情况评为良好或优秀。证书护理人员对八项非患者护理职责的准备情况评分明显低于AAS护理人员。这八个方面是：1）口头沟通，2）阅读能力，3）领导能力，4）冲突解决能力，5）计算机技能，6）教学技能，7）个人健康/卫生，8）职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）合规情况。不到一半的EMS管理人员表示在招聘（46.2%）或晋升（39.6%）方面偏好AAS护理人员，但至少一半（50.0%和54.2%）的AAS护理人员在提供此类偏好的系统中工作。
虽然管理人员和护理人员认为北卡罗来纳州目前的EMS教育项目能充分培养学生成为护理人员，但仍有一些可识别的领域需要进一步强调。与传统证书EMS教育项目相比，AAS教育似乎具有额外价值。
