Opp M R, Imeri L
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0431, USA.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 1999;59(1):45-53. doi: 10.55782/ane-1999-1295.
The central nervous system, by a variety of mechanisms engages in constant surveillance of the peripheral immune system. Alterations in the status of the peripheral immune system induced by an invading pathogen for example, are quickly detected by the central nervous system, which then responds by altering physiological processes and behavior in an attempt to support the immune system in its efforts to eliminate the pathogen. Sleep is one of several behaviors that are dramatically altered in response to infection. Immune-active substances such as the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, either directly or indirectly via interactions with neurotransmitters or neurohormones are involved in the regulation of sleep. Because these cytokines increase during infection, they are likely candidates for mediating the profound alterations in sleep that occur during infection. Since regulation of behavior is the function of the central nervous system, infection-induced alterations in behavior provide a unique model for the study of neuro-immune interactions.
中枢神经系统通过多种机制持续监测外周免疫系统。例如，入侵病原体引起的外周免疫系统状态改变会被中枢神经系统迅速检测到，随后中枢神经系统会通过改变生理过程和行为做出反应，试图支持免疫系统消除病原体的努力。睡眠是因感染而发生显著改变的几种行为之一。免疫活性物质，如促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-1和肿瘤坏死因子，直接或通过与神经递质或神经激素的相互作用间接参与睡眠调节。由于这些细胞因子在感染期间会增加，它们很可能是介导感染期间睡眠发生深刻改变的因素。由于行为调节是中枢神经系统的功能，感染引起的行为改变为研究神经免疫相互作用提供了一个独特的模型。
