[The role of a protonmotive force in genetic transformation of Bacillus subtilis].

The hypothesis on the role of protonmotive force in the transport of DNA through the membrane of Bac. subtilis cell during initial stages of genetic transformation was tested. A genetic transformation of arsenate-treated cells was observed. Treatment of cells by the protonophorous uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation-carbonylcyanide dichlorophenyl--hydrazone-led to the inhibition of initial stages of genetic transformation having no significant effect on the level of intracellular ATP concentration and on the viability of cells. The dissipation of protonmotive force by means of K+ and H+ fluxes catalyzed by valinomycin and nigericin also caused the inhibition of initial stages of genetic transformation. The inhibitory effect of cationic penetrant tetraphenyl phosphonium was observed, the effect being potentiated by low concentrations of anionic penetrant phenyldicarbaundecaborate. The value of the membrane potential in the energized valinomycin-treated cells calculated from the distribution of K+ was within the range of 70--100 mV (inside minus). These results support the conception that a protonmotive force drives DNA transport through the membrane of Bac. subtilis cells.