Caputa M, Kadziela W, Narebski J
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 1976;36(6):625-37.
Chronic experiments were conducted on five freely moving rabbits at ambient temperatures of 0-42 degrees Celsius. The influence of nasal mucosal thermal changes on the venous blood temperature inside the pterygoid plexus and on the temperatures at three intracerebral sites were investigated against the background of the carotid arterial blood temperature shifts. A correlation was found between: (i) the fluctuations in the nasal mucosal temperature reflecting its vasomotor responses, (ii) temperature shifts of the pterygoid plexus venous blood, and (iii) of the ventral brain. Mucosal vasodilatation caused parallel drops in both the plexal blood and brain temperatures. However, mucosal vasoconstriction was accompanied by increases in temperatures at those sites. Intracranial thermal shifts were independent of the arterial blood temperature changes. During motor activity in normothermia nasal mucosal vasoconstriction was present, and in that case brain temperatures exceeded arterial blood temperature. During rest, mucosal vasodilatation appeared and brain base cooled below the arterial blood temperature. During panting in dry heat, the brain base was cooler than the arterial blood by as much as 0.5 degree Celsius. The intensity of the selective brain cooling was directly proportional to deep body temperature. The blockade of the respiratory evaporation in heat elicited an increase of the plexal venous blood as well as brain temperatures above the arterial blood temperature. We conclude that the venous blood outflowing from the nasal mucosa exerts a cooling influence on the brain through the pterygoid plexus.
在环境温度为0至42摄氏度的条件下，对5只自由活动的兔子进行了慢性实验。在颈动脉血温变化的背景下，研究了鼻黏膜温度变化对翼静脉丛内静脉血温度以及三个脑内部位温度的影响。发现以下三者之间存在相关性：（i）反映鼻黏膜血管运动反应的鼻黏膜温度波动，（ii）翼静脉丛静脉血温度变化，以及（iii）脑腹侧温度变化。黏膜血管舒张导致丛内血液温度和脑温同时下降。然而，黏膜血管收缩则伴随着这些部位温度的升高。颅内温度变化与动脉血温度变化无关。在正常体温下的运动活动期间，鼻黏膜会出现血管收缩，此时脑温超过动脉血温度。在休息期间，黏膜血管舒张出现，脑底部温度降至动脉血温度以下。在干热环境中喘气时，脑底部比动脉血温度低多达0.5摄氏度。选择性脑冷却的强度与深部体温直接相关。在热环境中阻断呼吸蒸发会导致丛内静脉血温度以及脑温升高超过动脉血温度。我们得出结论，从鼻黏膜流出的静脉血通过翼静脉丛对大脑产生冷却作用。
