Schlienger J L
Service de médecine interne et nutrition, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg.
Rev Prat. 1999 Feb 15;49(4):367-72.
Prolonged and excessive intake of alcoholic beverages can lead to addiction, increased tolerance and physical dependence as in the case of other drugs. It is the cause of many deaths due to cirrhosis, cancer and accidents. It favours numerous symptoms and disorders that can be reversible on withdrawal of alcohol. Alcohol is not toxic. Taken in regular and moderate fashion (20 to 30 g of alcohol per day), alcoholic beverages play a psychosocial role that gives a certain pleasure. In addition, many concordant epidemiologic studies support the notion that overall morbidity and mortality are significantly less than in those who abstain. The benefit is particularly evident in mortality due to cardiovascular events, but also in senile dementia and osteoporosis. However, there are no data confirming a cause and effect relationship. Despite this potentially favourable role, it cannot be recommended to suggest the use of alcohol to those who abstain, given the possibility that some might subsequently develop alcohol dependence.
与其他药物一样，长期过量摄入酒精饮料会导致成瘾、耐受性增加和身体依赖。它是导致许多因肝硬化、癌症和事故死亡的原因。它会引发许多症状和紊乱，在戒酒时这些症状和紊乱可能是可逆的。酒精本身无毒。以规律且适量的方式饮用（每天20至30克酒精），酒精饮料会起到一种心理社会作用，带来一定的愉悦感。此外，许多一致的流行病学研究支持这样一种观点，即总体发病率和死亡率显著低于戒酒者。这种益处尤其在心血管事件导致的死亡率方面明显，在老年痴呆和骨质疏松症方面也是如此。然而，没有数据证实存在因果关系。尽管有这种潜在的有利作用，但鉴于有些人可能随后会发展成酒精依赖，所以不建议向戒酒者建议饮酒。
