Ahuja A T, King A D, King W, Metreweli C
Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin N.T.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1999 Apr;20(4):579-82.
Previous reports have suggested that thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs) appear on sonograms as well-defined cystic masses with thin walls and posterior enhancement. In our experience, however, TDCs have a variable sonographic appearance. We report our findings in 40 patients with TDCs and document the variability of sonographic patterns.
All patients in whom the diagnosis of TDC was made clinically (by at least two head and neck surgeons) and sonography detected a cystic mass related to the hyoid bone were included in this study. Sonograms of 40 patients with TDCs were reviewed. The features evaluated were the location, internal echogenicity, posterior enhancement, presence of septa, solid component, and fistulous tract. The echo pattern was not compared with the biopsy results.
Four patterns of TDCs were identified: anechoic (28%), homogeneously hypoechoic with internal debris (18%), pseudosolid (28%), and heterogeneous (28%). The majority showed posterior enhancement (88%), were midline (63%), and infrahyoid in location (83%). Only half of all TDCs showed a typical thin wall.
On sonograms, TDCs in adults are not simple cysts, as previously suggested, but have a complex pattern ranging from a typical anechoic to a pseudosolid appearance.
既往报告提示，甲状舌管囊肿（TDC）在超声检查中表现为边界清晰、壁薄且后方回声增强的囊性肿物。然而，根据我们的经验，TDC的超声表现具有多样性。我们报告40例TDC患者的检查结果，并记录超声图像模式的多样性。
本研究纳入所有临床诊断为TDC（至少由两名头颈外科医生诊断）且超声检查发现与舌骨相关的囊性肿物的患者。回顾40例TDC患者的超声图像。评估的特征包括位置、内部回声、后方回声增强、分隔的存在、实性成分及瘘管。未将回声模式与活检结果进行比较。
确定了TDC的四种模式：无回声型（28%）、内部有碎屑的均匀低回声型（18%）、假实性型（28%）和不均匀型（28%）。大多数表现为后方回声增强（88%），位于中线（63%），且位于舌骨下（83%）。所有TDC中只有一半表现出典型的薄壁。
在超声检查中，成人TDC并非如既往所提示的那样为单纯囊肿，而是具有从典型无回声到假实性外观的复杂模式。
