Schliwa M, Euteneuer U, Gräf R, Ueda M
Adolf Butenandt Institut, Universität München, Germany.
Biochem Soc Symp. 1999;65:223-31.
Directed cell movement is an immensely complex process that depends on the co-operative interaction of numerous cellular components. Work over the past three decades has suggested that microtubules play an important role in the establishment and maintenance of the direction of cell migration. This chapter summarizes recent work from our laboratory designed to determine the roles of the microtubules and centrosome position relative to the direction of cell migration in a variety of cell types, and discusses these observations in the context of work from other laboratories. The results suggest that microtubules are required for stabilization of the direction of migration in many, but not all, cell types. For the centrosome to act as a stabilizer of cell migration requires that it is repositioned behind the leading edge. However, the process of repositioning does not precede the extension of a leading edge and the establishment of a new direction of cell migration. Rather, the centrosome follows the repositioning of the leading edge in response to other stimuli and, in doing so, stabilizes cell movement.
定向细胞运动是一个极其复杂的过程，它依赖于众多细胞成分的协同相互作用。过去三十年的研究表明，微管在细胞迁移方向的建立和维持中起着重要作用。本章总结了我们实验室最近的研究工作，这些工作旨在确定微管和中心体位置相对于多种细胞类型中细胞迁移方向的作用，并结合其他实验室的研究成果对这些观察结果进行讨论。结果表明，在许多但并非所有细胞类型中，微管对于迁移方向的稳定是必需的。要使中心体作为细胞迁移的稳定器，需要将其重新定位到前沿之后。然而，重新定位的过程并不先于前沿的延伸和新的细胞迁移方向的建立。相反，中心体是响应其他刺激跟随前沿的重新定位，从而稳定细胞运动。
