Wang J C, Qian B L
Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China.
Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1997 Sep;18(5):451-4.
To detect the DNA single strand breaks (SSB) in peripheral lymphocytes of mice, rats, and human induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA), mitomycin C (MMC), benzo (a) pyrene (BaP), cyclophosphamide (CP), and 2-aminofluorene (2-AF).
Alkaline single cell microgel electrophoresis assay in vitro (comet assay).
All were positive with 2 exceptions: EMS (0.97 mmol.L-1) in mice and MMC (30 mumol.L-1) in mice and human. The lowest concentrations detectable were H2O2 (1 mumol.L-1), EMS (0.48 mmol.L-1), BaP (5.0 mumol.L-1), CP (2.0 mmol.L-1), MMC (10 mumol.L-1), DMNA (27.3 mmol.L-1), and 2-AF (62.5 mumol.L-1). CP, BaP, and 2-AF were positive only in the presence of metabolic activation system.
H2O2, DMNA, BaP, CP, and 2-AF induce SSB in peripheral lymphocytes of mice, rats, and human detected by comet assay, whereas MMC induces SSB only in rats, and EMS in rats and human lymphocytes.
检测过氧化氢(H2O2)、甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)、二甲基亚硝胺(DMNA)、丝裂霉素C(MMC)、苯并(a)芘(BaP)、环磷酰胺(CP)和2-氨基芴(2-AF)诱导的小鼠、大鼠和人外周血淋巴细胞中的DNA单链断裂(SSB)。
体外碱性单细胞微凝胶电泳试验(彗星试验)。
除小鼠中的EMS(0.97 mmol.L-1)以及小鼠和人中的MMC(30 μmol.L-1)外,其余均为阳性。可检测到的最低浓度分别为:H2O2(1 μmol.L-1)、EMS(0.48 mmol.L-1)、BaP(5.0 μmol.L-1)、CP(2.0 mmol.L-1)、MMC(10 μmol.L-1)、DMNA(27.3 mmol.L-1)和2-AF(62.5 μmol.L-1)。CP、BaP和2-AF仅在存在代谢活化系统时呈阳性。
通过彗星试验检测发现,H2O2、DMNA、BaP、CP和2-AF可诱导小鼠、大鼠和人的外周血淋巴细胞产生SSB,而MMC仅可诱导大鼠产生SSB,EMS可诱导大鼠和人的淋巴细胞产生SSB。