Pfeffer A, Luczywek E, Gołebiowski M, Czyzewski K, Barcikowska M
Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 1999 May-Jun;10(3):217-20. doi: 10.1159/000017122.
The clinical recognition of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) depends on its differentiation from Alzheimer's disease (AD). From 212 patients primarily diagnosed as probable AD, 24 cases with mild dementia, absence of disturbances the presence of which would have prevented a full neuropsychological assessment, and brain CT with detailed visualization of hippocampus atrophy were chosen. On the basis of neuropsychological examination the patients were divided into two groups: 11 cases with predominant deficit in frontal system tasks (FTD group) and 13 cases with changes in cognitive functions typical of AD (AD group). Age at onset, duration, behavioral changes, psychotic symptoms, depression, speech disorders, neurologic deficit and hippocampal atrophy were analyzed in both groups. Statistically significant differences for behavioral disturbances and hippocampal atrophy were found. Early behavioral changes and lack of early hippocampal atrophy on CT may be useful features for differentiating between FTD and AD, especially when SPECT is not available.
额颞叶痴呆（FTD）的临床诊断取决于其与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的鉴别。从212例最初诊断为可能患有AD的患者中，选取了24例轻度痴呆患者，这些患者不存在会妨碍全面神经心理学评估的干扰因素，且脑部CT能够详细显示海马萎缩情况。基于神经心理学检查，将患者分为两组：11例在额叶系统任务中存在主要缺陷的患者（FTD组）和13例具有AD典型认知功能变化的患者（AD组）。对两组患者的发病年龄、病程、行为改变、精神症状、抑郁、言语障碍、神经功能缺损和海马萎缩情况进行了分析。发现行为障碍和海马萎缩存在统计学显著差异。早期行为改变以及CT上早期无海马萎缩可能是区分FTD和AD的有用特征，尤其是在无法进行单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）时。
