Wilbur J, Naftzger-Kang L, Miller A M, Chandler P, Montgomery A
Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Administrative Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA.
J Womens Health. 1999 Apr;8(3):377-87. doi: 10.1089/jwh.1999.8.377.
The purpose of this study was to examine the cardiovascular risk factors and energy expenditure of women from occupations that differ by physical activity level and socioeconomic level. Participants included 171 women randomly selected from employee lists at 10 employment sites. Measures included blood pressure, body mass index, levels of total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, a submaximal aerobic fitness test on a bicycle ergometer, and a 12-month retrospective self-report of occupational, leisure time, and household energy expenditure. Women in active occupations had lower total cholesterol and higher HDL cholesterol than women in sedentary occupations. Women with higher occupational energy expenditure scores had higher HDL cholesterol and lower total cholesterol than women with lower occupational energy scores. Findings suggest that cardiovascular benefits, particularly for lipid profiles, may be derived from even small increases in occupational physical activity. The workplace may offer an environment for initiating policies to facilitate increased physical activity among women.
本研究的目的是调查不同体力活动水平和社会经济水平职业的女性的心血管危险因素和能量消耗。参与者包括从10个工作地点的员工名单中随机选取的171名女性。测量指标包括血压、体重指数、总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇水平、在自行车测力计上进行的次极量有氧适能测试，以及对职业、休闲时间和家庭能量消耗的12个月回顾性自我报告。从事体力活动职业的女性比从事久坐职业的女性总胆固醇水平更低，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更高。职业能量消耗得分较高的女性比得分较低的女性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更高，总胆固醇水平更低。研究结果表明，即使职业体力活动有小幅增加，也可能对心血管有益，尤其是对血脂状况。工作场所可能为启动促进女性增加体力活动的政策提供环境。
