Orr P, Barrón Y, Schein O D, Rubin G S, West S K
Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Ophthalmology. 1999 May;106(5):904-9. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(99)00508-4.
To determine eye care utilization patterns among older Americans, particularly characterizing those who sought different types of providers, and the predictive factors for seeking eye care services in general and among those with diabetes and those with visual loss.
The SEE Project, a population-based survey of 2520 persons aged 65 to 84 in Salisbury, Maryland, provided cross-sectional data on eye care use. Questions on eye care use, demographics, medical history, and other factors were asked on the home interview.
Use of an eye care provider in the previous year, with additional outcomes of use of different types of eye care providers.
Blacks were significantly less likely to see any type of eye care provider over 1 year: 50% versus 69% among whites. Those who reported having a vision problem, those with more education, and those in the older age groups were significantly more likely to see either an ophthalmologist or an optometrist. Diabetes and driving a car were predictive factors for seeing an ophthalmologist but not for seeing an optometrist. Self-report of diabetes and eye care problems, and being a current driver, were predictive of seeing an eye care professional among those with visual impairment.
Although blacks are known to be at greater risk for several age-related eye diseases, they are much less likely to see an eye care provider. Interventions that remove barriers to eye care services should be considered.
确定美国老年人的眼部护理利用模式，特别是对寻求不同类型医疗服务提供者的人群进行特征描述，并找出一般人群、糖尿病患者以及视力受损者寻求眼部护理服务的预测因素。
SEE项目是一项针对马里兰州索尔兹伯里市2520名65至84岁人群的基于人群的调查，提供了关于眼部护理使用情况的横断面数据。在家访中询问了有关眼部护理使用情况、人口统计学、病史及其他因素的问题。
前一年使用眼部护理服务提供者的情况，以及使用不同类型眼部护理服务提供者的其他结果。
黑人在1年中看任何类型眼部护理服务提供者的可能性显著低于白人：分别为50%和69%。报告有视力问题的人、受教育程度较高的人以及年龄较大的人群看眼科医生或验光师的可能性显著更高。糖尿病和开车是看眼科医生的预测因素，但不是看验光师的预测因素。糖尿病和眼部护理问题的自我报告以及当前仍在开车，是视力受损者看眼部护理专业人员的预测因素。
尽管已知黑人患几种与年龄相关眼病的风险更高，但他们看眼部护理服务提供者的可能性要低得多。应考虑采取消除眼部护理服务障碍的干预措施。
