Gräber H G, Wilharm J, Conrads G
Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry and Periodontology, Technical University, Aachen, Germany.
J Periodontol. 1999 Apr;70(4):388-93. doi: 10.1902/jop.1999.70.4.388.
The main problem in the posterior instrumental treatment of periodontitis is the re-epithelization of the periodontal defects, leading to the formation of an unphysiological, long junctional epithelium inhibiting the regeneration of periodontal attachment. A precondition for the re-epithelization is the interaction between epithelial cells and their extracellular matrix mediated by integrins. Integrins are cellular adhesion molecules (CAM), binding to different structures of the extracellular matrix, e.g., collagen, laminin, or fibronectin.
Biopsy specimens of marginal gingiva, composed of epithelium and subepithelial connective tissue, were cultivated on microporous membranes in tissue culture plates. The culture medium was supplemented with monoclonal antibodies directed against human integrin subunits. The period of cultivation was 6 days and the medium was replaced daily. After cultivation, the tissue development was analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical methods.
We found that the combination of antibodies directed against the integrin subunits alpha6 and beta1 inhibited the migration of epithelium completely in 9 out of 10 cultures, whereas control cultures containing none or only irrelevant antibodies demonstrated connective tissues completely covered by epithelium.
Influencing the regeneration of periodontal tissue on a molecular basis by using antibodies directed against integrin subunits may be of future interest in postsurgical treatment of periodontal diseases.
牙周炎后路器械治疗的主要问题是牙周缺损的再上皮化，导致形成非生理性的长结合上皮，抑制牙周附着的再生。再上皮化的一个前提是上皮细胞与其细胞外基质之间通过整合素介导的相互作用。整合素是细胞黏附分子（CAM），可与细胞外基质的不同结构结合，如胶原蛋白、层粘连蛋白或纤连蛋白。
由上皮和上皮下结缔组织组成的边缘龈活检标本在组织培养板的微孔膜上培养。培养基中添加针对人整合素亚基的单克隆抗体。培养期为6天，每天更换培养基。培养后，通过组织学和免疫组织化学方法分析组织发育情况。
我们发现，针对整合素亚基α6和β1的抗体组合在10个培养物中的9个中完全抑制了上皮细胞的迁移，而不含抗体或仅含无关抗体的对照培养物显示结缔组织完全被上皮覆盖。
通过使用针对整合素亚基的抗体在分子水平上影响牙周组织的再生，可能在牙周疾病的术后治疗中具有未来应用价值。
