Jameson KA, Appleby MC, Freeman LC
University of California, San Diego
Anim Behav. 1999 May;57(5):991-998. doi: 10.1006/anbe.1998.1077.
Methods of ranking individuals in a dominance hierarchy that use transitivity of relationships may obscure irregularities. Furthermore, these methods use only a small proportion of the information available from dominance encounters. This paper presents an intuitively appealing and easily implemented alternative to existing methods for ordering dominance data, developed from the work of Batchelder et al. (1992 Journal of Mathematical Psychology36, 185-212). The procedure presented here is based on a mathematical model of paired comparisons and it involves only simple estimation procedures. We illustrate its use with data on dominance among red deer Cervus elaphus, stags. The results indicate that dominance relationships are well characterized by the scale values that the model provides, and, because the method provides predictions for all pairings of animals, dominance predictions also exist for pairs of animals that have yet to be observed. Moreover, the dominance outcomes predicted by the model using the order scale are highly correlated with actual dominance observations at all levels. Overall, the procedure described provides a solution to the problem of identifying an appropriate order for a near-linear dominance hierarchy. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
在优势等级制度中，利用关系的可传递性对个体进行排名的方法可能会掩盖不规则性。此外，这些方法仅使用了优势遭遇中可用信息的一小部分。本文提出了一种直观且易于实施的替代方法，用于对优势数据进行排序，该方法是在Batchelder等人（1992年《数学心理学杂志》36卷，185 - 212页）的研究基础上发展而来的。这里介绍的程序基于成对比较的数学模型，并且只涉及简单的估计程序。我们用马鹿（赤鹿）雄鹿的优势数据来说明其用法。结果表明，该模型提供的量表值能很好地刻画优势关系，而且，由于该方法能对所有动物对进行预测，所以对于尚未观察到的动物对也存在优势预测。此外，使用顺序量表由该模型预测的优势结果在各个层面都与实际优势观察结果高度相关。总体而言，所描述的程序为确定近似线性优势等级制度的合适顺序问题提供了解决方案。版权所有1999动物行为研究协会。
