Johansson M
Division of Clinical Virology F68, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, S-141 86, Sweden.
Genomics. 1999 May 1;57(3):442-5. doi: 10.1006/geno.1999.5799.
Posttranscriptional modification of nuclear proteins by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in response to DNA strand breaks plays an important role in DNA repair, regulation of apoptosis, and maintenance of genomic stability. A 113-kDa human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has previously been identified and cloned. However, there is evidence that additional enzymes with PARP activity exist in mammalian cells. I have identified and cloned the cDNAs of two novel approximately 60-kDa human proteins that are 40 and 31% identical to the catalytic C-terminal domain of PARP. These proteins, named PARP-2 and PARP-3, lack the DNA-binding and automodification domains. PARP-2 and PARP-3 mRNAs were detected in 16 different human tissues as major bands of 2.0 and 2.2 kb, respectively. Radiation hybrid analysis assigned the PARP-2 gene (HGMW-approved symbol ADPRTL2) to chromosome 14q11.2-q12 and the PARP-3 gene (HGMW-approved symbol ADPRTL3) to 3p21.1-p22.2. This report shows the existence of a human PARP gene family with at least three closely related members.
核蛋白在DNA链断裂时通过聚（ADP - 核糖基）化进行的转录后修饰在DNA修复、细胞凋亡调控和基因组稳定性维持中发挥着重要作用。此前已鉴定并克隆出一种113 kDa的人类聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶（PARP）。然而，有证据表明哺乳动物细胞中存在具有PARP活性的其他酶。我已鉴定并克隆出两种新的约60 kDa人类蛋白质的cDNA，它们与PARP的催化性C末端结构域分别有40%和31%的同源性。这两种蛋白质分别命名为PARP - 2和PARP - 3，它们缺乏DNA结合和自身修饰结构域。在16种不同的人类组织中检测到PARP - 2和PARP - 3的mRNA，分别为2.0 kb和2.2 kb的主要条带。辐射杂种分析将PARP - 2基因（HGMW认可符号ADPRTL2）定位于染色体14qll.2 - q12，将PARP - 3基因（HGMW认可符号ADPRTL3）定位于3p21.1 - p22.2。本报告显示存在一个至少有三个密切相关成员的人类PARP基因家族。
