Prev Med. 1999 May;28(5):496-502. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1999.0462.
The WISEWOMAN projects are examining the feasibility and effectiveness of adding a cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention component to a nationwide program of early detection for breast and cervical cancer aimed at financially disadvantaged women. This paper describes the rationale and design of the WISEWOMAN projects, the baseline findings of the screenings, and the plans for evaluation.
In selected breast and cervical cancer screening sites throughout Massachusetts, Arizona, and North Carolina, blood pressure, body weight, cholesterol, smoking, diet, and physical activity were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. To evaluate the effectiveness of CVD prevention, these sites were assigned to either a minimum or an enhanced intervention group. The enhanced interventions, tailored to the populations served, featured skill building and facilitating activities to improve nutrition and increase physical activity.
Baseline screenings of 4,842 women revealed a high prevalence of CVD risk factors. High cholesterol was found among 40% of the women in North Carolina and Massachusetts, hypertension was found among 63% of the women in North Carolina, and overweight was found among 83% of the women in Arizona.
It is appropriate to expand breast and cervical cancer screening programs to include screening for CVD.
“明智女性”项目正在研究在一项针对经济条件较差女性的全国性乳腺癌和宫颈癌早期检测项目中增加心血管疾病（CVD）预防内容的可行性和有效性。本文描述了“明智女性”项目的基本原理和设计、筛查的基线结果以及评估计划。
在马萨诸塞州、亚利桑那州和北卡罗来纳州选定的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查地点，在基线、6个月和12个月时评估血压、体重、胆固醇、吸烟、饮食和身体活动情况。为评估CVD预防的有效性，这些地点被分为最低干预组或强化干预组。强化干预措施根据所服务人群量身定制，包括技能培养以及促进改善营养和增加身体活动的活动。
对4842名女性的基线筛查显示心血管疾病风险因素的患病率很高。北卡罗来纳州和马萨诸塞州40%的女性胆固醇偏高，北卡罗来纳州63%的女性患有高血压，亚利桑那州83%的女性超重。
将乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查项目扩大到包括心血管疾病筛查是合适的。
