DeVries M E, Ran L, Kelvin D J
Laboratory of Molecular Inflammation and Immunology, Robarts Research Institute, and the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London Ontario, N6G 2V4, Canada.
Semin Immunol. 1999 Apr;11(2):95-104. doi: 10.1006/smim.1999.0165.
Most, if not all, chemokines bind to seven transmembrane spanning G protein-coupled receptors and activate cellular migration. Stimulated chemokine expression is essential for directing leukocyte emigration from the circulation into sites of inflammation and tissue damage. In contrast, constitutive chemokine expression plays a role in the development of lymphoid cells, organs, and tissues. The present review examines rheumatoid arthritis and transplantation rejection as two examples of pathological conditions where chemokine directed leukocyte infiltration aids in the pathogenesis of the disease. We further discuss insights into leukocyte trafficking gained by chemokine and chemokine receptor transgenic and null mutant mice.
大多数趋化因子（即便不是全部）都与七次跨膜的G蛋白偶联受体结合，并激活细胞迁移。趋化因子表达受刺激对于引导白细胞从循环系统进入炎症和组织损伤部位至关重要。相比之下，组成型趋化因子表达在淋巴细胞、器官和组织的发育中发挥作用。本综述将类风湿性关节炎和移植排斥作为病理状况的两个例子进行研究，在这些病理状况中，趋化因子引导的白细胞浸润有助于疾病的发病机制。我们还将进一步讨论通过趋化因子和趋化因子受体转基因及基因敲除突变小鼠获得的有关白细胞迁移的见解。
