Wallace Graham R, John Curnow S, Wloka Kaska, Salmon Mike, Murray Philip I
The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, The University of Birmingham, City Hospital, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QU, UK.
Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004 Jul;23(4):435-48. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2004.04.004.
The migration and infiltration of cells into the eye whether blood-borne leucocytes, endothelial or epithelial cells occurs in many ocular diseases. Dysregulation of this process is apparent in chronic inflammation, corneal graft rejection, allergic eye disease and other sight-threatening conditions. Under normal and inflammatory conditions, chemokines and their receptors are important contributors to cell migration. To date, 47 chemokines and 19 chemokine receptors have been identified and characterised. In recent years, investigations into the role of chemokines and their receptors in ocular disease have generated an increasing number of publications. In the eye, the best understood action of these molecules has arisen from the study of their ability to control the infiltration of leucocytes in uveitis. However, the involvement of chemokines in angiogenesis in several ocular conditions and in the survival of corneal transplants demonstrates the multifaceted nature of their effects. Interestingly, the constitutive expression of chemokines and their receptors in ocular tissues suggests that certain chemokines have a homeostatic function. In this review, we discuss the nature and function of chemokines in health and disease, and describe the role of chemokines in the pathogenesis of different ocular conditions.
细胞迁移并浸润至眼内，无论是血源性白细胞、内皮细胞还是上皮细胞，这一现象在许多眼部疾病中都会发生。在慢性炎症、角膜移植排斥反应、过敏性眼病以及其他威胁视力的病症中，这一过程的失调十分明显。在正常和炎症条件下，趋化因子及其受体是细胞迁移的重要促成因素。迄今为止，已鉴定并表征了47种趋化因子和19种趋化因子受体。近年来，关于趋化因子及其受体在眼部疾病中作用的研究发表数量日益增多。在眼内，对这些分子作用的最佳理解源于对其在葡萄膜炎中控制白细胞浸润能力的研究。然而，趋化因子在多种眼部疾病的血管生成以及角膜移植存活中的作用表明了其作用的多面性。有趣的是，趋化因子及其受体在眼组织中的组成性表达表明某些趋化因子具有稳态功能。在本综述中，我们讨论了趋化因子在健康和疾病中的性质与功能，并描述了趋化因子在不同眼部疾病发病机制中的作用。
