Sofos J N, Kochevar S L, Reagan J O, Smith G C
Center for Red Meat Safety, Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523-1171, USA.
J Food Prot. 1999 May;62(5):467-73. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.5.467.
This article is part of a major study designed to collect baseline contamination data by sampling beef carcasses in seven slaughtering plants (four steer-heifer and three cow-bull plants) during both a dry season (November to January) and a wet season (May to June). Samples (n = 30) were excised from each of three carcass anatomical sites (brisket, flank, and rump) at each of three points in the slaughtering chain (pre-evisceration, following final carcass washing, after 24-h carcass chilling). A total of 3,780 samples (100 cm2 each) were analyzed for presence of Salmonella; aerobic plate counts, total coliform counts, and Escherichia coli counts were also made. After 24-h chilling, average incidence (expressed as a percentage) of Salmonella in the brisket, flank, and rump samples, respectively, for steer-heifer carcasses was 0.8+/-1.7, 0, and 2.5+/-5.0 for the wet season and 0.8+/-1.7, 0, and 0 for the dry season; the corresponding percentages for cowbull carcasses were 4.4+/-2.0, 2.2+/-3.9, and 1.1+/-1.9 for the wet season and 2.2+/-3.9, 1.1+/-1.9, and 0 for the dry season. Depending on plant and season, ranges of probabilities of chilled steer-heifer carcasses passing the U.S. regulatory requirements for Salmonella contamination were 0.24 to 1.0 for the brisket, 1.0 for the flank, and 0.002 to 1.0 for the rump; the corresponding ranges for the chilled cow-bull carcasses were 0.25 to 1.0, 0.25 to 1.0, and 0.70 to 1.0. When the number of positive brisket, flank, and rump samples were combined, the probabilities of passing the regulatory requirements were 0.242 to 1.0 and 0.772 to 1.0 for the wet and dry seasons, respectively, in steer-heifer plants and 0.368 to 0.974 and 0.865 to 1.0 in cow-bull plants. Correlation coefficients of aerobic plate counts, total coliform counts, and E. coli counts with Salmonella incidence were higher (P< or =0.05) for cow-bull samples that had increased incidence of the pathogen when compared to steer-heifer samples.
本文是一项主要研究的一部分，该研究旨在通过在旱季（11月至1月）和雨季（5月至6月）对7家屠宰厂（4家阉公牛-小母牛屠宰厂和3家母牛-公牛屠宰厂）的牛胴体进行采样来收集基线污染数据。在屠宰链的三个点（宰前、胴体最终清洗后、胴体冷藏24小时后），从每个胴体的三个解剖部位（胸部、胁腹和臀部）各取30个样本（每个样本面积为100平方厘米）。共分析了3780个样本（每个样本100平方厘米）以检测沙门氏菌的存在；同时还进行了需氧平板计数、总大肠菌群计数和大肠杆菌计数。冷藏24小时后，阉公牛-小母牛胴体的胸部、胁腹和臀部样本中沙门氏菌的平均发生率（以百分比表示），雨季分别为0.8±1.7、0和2.5±5.0，旱季分别为0.8±1.7、0和0；母牛-公牛胴体的相应百分比，雨季分别为4.4±2.0、2.2±3.9和1.1±1.9，旱季分别为2.2±3.9、1.1±1.9和0。根据工厂和季节的不同，冷藏后的阉公牛-小母牛胴体通过美国沙门氏菌污染监管要求的概率范围，胸部为0.24至1.0，胁腹为1.0，臀部为0.002至1.0；冷藏后的母牛-公牛胴体的相应范围分别为0.25至1.0、0.25至1.0和0.70至1.0。当将胸部、胁腹和臀部的阳性样本数量合并时，阉公牛-小母牛屠宰厂在雨季和旱季通过监管要求的概率分别为0.242至1.0和0.772至1.0，母牛-公牛屠宰厂分别为0.368至0.974和0.865至1.0。与阉公牛-小母牛样本相比，病原体发生率增加的母牛-公牛样本中，需氧平板计数、总大肠菌群计数和大肠杆菌计数与沙门氏菌发生率的相关系数更高（P≤0.05）。
