Cheng J C, Ng B K, Ying S Y, Lam P K
Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
J Pediatr Orthop. 1999 May-Jun;19(3):344-50.
A total of 6,493 fractures was studied from 6,389 children younger than 16 years admitted as inpatients to one center in a 10-year period. The boy-to-girl ratio increased from 1.4:1 in the infants to 4.9:1 in the adolescents. The most common fractures were the distal radius (20.2%), supracondylar fracture of the humerus (17.9%), forearm shaft (14.9%), and the tibial shaft (11.9%). A distinct age-specific fracture pattern also was found, with supracondylar fracture of the humerus being the most common fracture in the age 0- to 3-year (26.7%) and the 4- to 7-year (31.6%) groups and distal radius in the 8- to 11-year and the 12- to 16-year groups (24.3 and 25.7%, respectively). Although the overall pattern of the major fractures had not changed over the 10-year period, significant changes in the treatment pattern were observed. The closed-reduction and percutaneous pinning rates increased from 9.5 to 38.7% in fracture of the distal radius, 4.3 to 40% in the supracondylar humerus, and 1.8 to 22% in the forearm shaft. The changes in treatment pattern were also accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the open-reduction rate and hospital stay periods from <10% to 38% of patients being discharged within 1 day of admission in the 10-year period.
在10年期间，对一家中心收治的6389名16岁以下住院儿童的6493处骨折进行了研究。男女比例从婴儿期的1.4:1增加到青少年期的4.9:1。最常见的骨折部位是桡骨远端（20.2%）、肱骨髁上骨折（17.9%）、前臂骨干（14.9%）和胫骨干（11.9%）。还发现了一种明显的特定年龄骨折模式，肱骨髁上骨折是0至3岁组（26.7%）和4至7岁组（31.6%）最常见的骨折，而桡骨远端骨折在8至11岁组和12至16岁组中最为常见（分别为24.3%和25.7%）。尽管在这10年期间主要骨折的总体模式没有改变，但治疗模式发生了显著变化。桡骨远端骨折的闭合复位和经皮穿针固定率从9.5%增加到38.7%，肱骨髁上骨折从4.3%增加到40%，前臂骨干骨折从1.8%增加到22%。治疗模式的变化还伴随着切开复位率和住院时间的相应减少，在这10年期间，入院后1天内出院的患者比例从不到10%降至38%。
