Price R, van Vugt M, Phaipun L, Luxemburger C, Simpson J, McGready R, ter Kuile F, Kham A, Chongsuphajaisiddhi T, White N J, Nosten F
Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Mae Sod, Tak Province, Thailand.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Apr;60(4):547-55. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.547.
In prospective studies of acute uncomplicated, multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria on the western border of Thailand, the oral artemisinin derivatives were used alone in the treatment of 836 patients (artesunate 630, artemether 206), were combined with mefloquine (15-25 mg base/kg) in 2,826 patients, and mefloquine alone was used in 1,303 patients. The combined regimens of mefloquine plus an artemisinin derivative were associated with more side effects than those with an artemisinin derivative alone; acute nausea (31% versus 16%), vomiting (24% versus 11%), anorexia (51% versus 34%), and dizziness (47% versus 15%) (P < 0.001). Oral artesunate and artemether alone were very well tolerated. There was no difference in the incidence of possible adverse effects between the two drugs, and no evidence that either derivative caused allergic reactions, neurologic or psychiatric reactions, or cardiovascular or dermatologic toxicity. Blackwater fever occurred in three patients treated with mefloquine plus artesunate regimens. Oral artesunate and artemether are safe and well tolerated antimalarial drugs.
在泰国西部边境对急性非复杂性多重耐药恶性疟进行的前瞻性研究中，836例患者单独使用口服青蒿素衍生物进行治疗（青蒿琥酯630例，蒿甲醚206例），2826例患者将其与甲氟喹（15 - 25毫克碱基/千克）联合使用，1303例患者单独使用甲氟喹。甲氟喹加青蒿素衍生物的联合治疗方案比单独使用青蒿素衍生物的方案副作用更多；急性恶心（31%对16%）、呕吐（24%对11%）、厌食（51%对34%）和头晕（47%对15%）（P < 0.001）。单独使用口服青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚耐受性良好。两种药物之间可能出现的不良反应发生率没有差异，也没有证据表明任何一种衍生物会引起过敏反应、神经或精神反应、心血管或皮肤毒性。3例接受甲氟喹加青蒿琥酯治疗方案的患者出现了黑尿热。口服青蒿琥酯和蒿甲醚是安全且耐受性良好的抗疟药物。
