Knysak I, Martins R, Bertim C R
Laboratório de Artrópodes do Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 1998 Dec;32(6):514-8. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89101998000600003.
The lack of basic knowledge on venomous arthropods and the benignity of the clinical manifestations contribute to the centipede bite victims' not being taken to a treatment reference center, leading to underestimation of the number of cases and minimizing the possibility of a broader epidemiological view. An inventory of the centipede bite occurrences in Greater S. Paulo, Brazil, and the therapeutic methods employed, by the main Brazilian medical center for the notification of poisoning by venomous animals, is presented.
All patient cards of the period 1980-1989 have been checked as to place, month and time of occurrence; sex, age, affected part of the body, signs and symptoms have been observed, as well as the therapeutic methods employed. The centipedes that caused the accidents were identified at the Arthropods Laboratory.
It was registered 216 accidents, with a 69% predominance of the Greater S. Paulo and in only 63% of the cases (136) was the agent brought in by the victim for identification. The genera most frequently represented were Cryptops (58%), Otostigmus (33%) and Scolopendra (4%). Of the 136 cases, 87% showed erythema, edema, hemorrhage, burns, cephalalgia, and intense pain. There was a predominance of accidents in the warm rainy season, in the morning and for females between 21 and 60 years of age. Hands and feet were the parts of the body most affected. The benign evolution of the clinical picture (54%) made therapeutical treatment unnecessary. Only the victims of Scolopendra and Otostigmus (46%) were medicated with anesthetics (51%), analgesics (25%), antihistamines and cortisone (24%).
The reproductive period of the centipedes, associated with their sinanthropic habits, contributes to the greater incidence of accidents in urban areas in the warm rainy season. Only patients bitten by Scolopendra and Otostigmus require therapeutical treatment.
由于缺乏关于有毒节肢动物的基本知识，且临床表现较为轻微，蜈蚣咬伤患者往往不会前往治疗参考中心，导致病例数量被低估，也使得更广泛的流行病学观察的可能性降至最低。本文介绍了巴西主要的有毒动物中毒报告医疗中心对巴西大圣保罗地区蜈蚣咬伤事件及其所采用治疗方法的统计情况。
检查了1980年至1989年期间所有患者的病历，记录事件发生的地点、月份和时间；观察患者的性别、年龄、身体受影响部位、体征和症状，以及所采用的治疗方法。在节肢动物实验室对导致事故的蜈蚣进行了鉴定。
共记录了216起事故，其中大圣保罗地区占69%，只有63%的病例（136例）中受害者带来了致伤蜈蚣以供鉴定。最常见的属为Cryptops（58%）、Otostigmus（33%）和Scolopendra（4%）。在136例病例中，87%出现了红斑、水肿、出血、烧伤、头痛和剧痛。事故主要发生在温暖多雨的季节、上午，且以21至60岁的女性居多。手脚是身体受影响最严重的部位。临床表现良性发展的情况占54%，无需进行治疗。只有被Scolopendra和Otostigmus咬伤的受害者（46%）使用了麻醉剂（51%）、镇痛药（
