Işcan M Y, Quatrehomme G
University of Istanbul, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Turkey.
Forensic Sci Int. 1999 Mar 15;100(1-2):17-35. doi: 10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00016-x.
Medicolegal anthropology has a very long history in France. Basic studies on human skeletal remains started as early as the 18th century. The 19th century produced many medical theses and research papers on age, sex, as well as stature estimation. The research proliferated in the first 60 years of the 20th century, much of which is still in use in France and abroad. The later half of the 20th century, however, was dormant in research on human skeletal biology at a time when forensic anthropology was becoming an active field worldwide. In the last decade, medicolegal anthropology took a different perspective, independent of its traditional roots. Research and practice have both been in the professional domain of forensic physicians unlike the situation in many other countries. Population based studies requiring large databases or skeletal collections have diminished considerably. Thus, most research has been on factors of individualization such as trauma, time since death, crime scene investigation, and facial reconstruction. It is suggested that there is a need for cooperation between the forensic physician and anthropologist to further research. This also encourages anthropologists to carry out research and practice that can fulfill the needs of the medicolegal system of the country.
法医学人类学在法国有着悠久的历史。对人类骨骼遗骸的基础研究早在18世纪就已开始。19世纪出现了许多关于年龄、性别以及身高估计的医学论文和研究报告。该研究在20世纪的前60年里蓬勃发展，其中许多研究成果至今仍在法国及国外使用。然而，在法医学人类学在全球范围内成为一个活跃领域的20世纪后半叶，法国对人类骨骼生物学的研究却陷入了停滞。在过去十年中，法医学人类学从一个不同的角度出发，脱离了其传统根基。与许多其他国家的情况不同，研究和实践都属于法医的专业领域。需要大型数据库或骨骼收藏的基于人群的研究大幅减少。因此，大多数研究都集中在个体化因素上，如创伤、死亡时间、犯罪现场调查和面部重建。有人建议，法医和人类学家之间需要开展合作以推动进一步的研究。这也鼓励人类学家开展能够满足该国法医学系统需求的研究和实践。
