Sidhu S K, Shaw S, Wilkinson J D
Department of Environmental and Contact Dermatitis, Amersham Hospital, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom.
Am J Contact Dermat. 1999 Jun;10(2):57-61. doi: 10.1016/s1046-199x(99)90000-3.
Benzocaine has been labeled a notorious sensitizer. It is thought to be a common and potent sensitizer. It is suggested that such patients should routinely avoid tetracaine and procaine, as cross-reactions between benzocaine and such caines occurred commonly. Benzocaine also currently remains the screening chemical on the European Standard Battery (ESB) for topical caine allergy.
To identify the rate of incidence of benzocaine allergy in the United Kingdom, and the level of cross reactivity between other caines in the ESB.
The results from a 10-year retrospective study of 5,464 patients, subjected to patch testing with a modified ESB, which included caine mix III (Chemotechnique Diagnostics, Tygelsjo, Sweden), and the results of caine mix IV (Chemotechnique) reactions in 265 of these patients who complained of anogenital symptoms, are discussed.
Majority of allergic reactions occurred with the constituents of caine mix III, with benzocaine reactions being the least common allergen in this group. Cross reactivity between benzocaine and other caines, occurred infrequently.
Our data indicate that benzocaine allergy is not common in the United Kingdom. As cross-reactivity between benzocaine and other caines did not occur commonly, a significant number of relevant allergic reactions to other caines may go undetected, as benzocaine remains the screening chemical for topical anaesthetic allergy on the ESB. We suggest benzocaine be removed from the ESB, and be replaced by caine mix III.
苯佐卡因被列为臭名昭著的致敏剂。它被认为是一种常见且强效的致敏剂。有人建议，此类患者应常规避免使用丁卡因和普鲁卡因，因为苯佐卡因与这些卡因之间的交叉反应很常见。苯佐卡因目前仍是欧洲标准筛查组合（ESB）中用于局部卡因过敏的筛查化学品。
确定英国苯佐卡因过敏的发病率，以及ESB中其他卡因之间的交叉反应程度。
讨论了一项对5464例患者进行的为期10年的回顾性研究结果，这些患者接受了改良ESB的斑贴试验，其中包括卡因混合物III（瑞典泰格尔斯约的Chemotechnique Diagnostics公司生产），以及其中265例主诉肛门生殖器症状的患者的卡因混合物IV（Chemotechnique公司生产）反应结果。
大多数过敏反应发生在卡因混合物III的成分中，苯佐卡因反应是该组中最不常见的过敏原。苯佐卡因与其他卡因之间的交叉反应很少发生。
我们的数据表明，苯佐卡因过敏在英国并不常见。由于苯佐卡因与其他卡因之间的交叉反应并不常见，因此大量与其他卡因相关的过敏反应可能未被检测到，因为苯佐卡因仍是ESB上局部麻醉剂过敏的筛查化学品。我们建议将苯佐卡因从ESB中移除，并用卡因混合物III取而代之。
