Nelms K, Keegan A D, Zamorano J, Ryan J J, Paul W E
Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Annu Rev Immunol. 1999;17:701-38. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.17.1.701.
Interleukin-4 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a critical role in the regulation of immune responses. Its effects depend upon binding to and signaling through a receptor complex consisting of the IL-4R alpha chain and the common gamma chain (gamma c), resulting in a series of phosphorylation events mediated by receptor-associated kinases. In turn, these cause the recruitment of mediators of cell growth, of resistance to apoptosis, and of gene activation and differentiation. Here we describe our current understanding of the organization of the IL-4 receptor, of the signaling pathways that are induced as a result of receptor occupancy, and of the various mechanisms through which receptor function is modulated. We particularly emphasize the modular nature of the receptor and the specialization of different receptor regions for distinct functions, most notably the independent regulation of cell growth and gene activation.
白细胞介素-4是一种多功能细胞因子，在免疫反应调节中起关键作用。其作用取决于与由IL-4Rα链和共同γ链（γc）组成的受体复合物结合并通过该复合物进行信号传导，从而导致一系列由受体相关激酶介导的磷酸化事件。反过来，这些事件会引起细胞生长介质、抗凋亡介质以及基因激活和分化介质的募集。在此，我们描述了我们目前对IL-4受体的组织、受体被占据后诱导的信号通路以及受体功能被调节的各种机制的理解。我们特别强调受体的模块化性质以及不同受体区域针对不同功能的专业化，最显著的是细胞生长和基因激活的独立调节。
