Meyer I, Heinrich J, Lippold U
GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit, Institut für Epidemiologie, Neuherberg, D-85758, Germany.
Environ Res. 1999 Jul;81(1):32-44. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1998.3950.
Hettstedt, a city in eastern Germany with a long history of mining and smelting of nonferrous ores, has several industrial sources of heavy metals. The indoor exposure to metals of children (5 to 14 years old) in the Hettstedt area was assessed by measuring the levels of lead, cadmium, and arsenic contamination in sedimented house dust. Factors which influence the dust loading rate and the surface loading rates of these contaminants in house dust were investigated. The geometric mean of the dust loading rate was 8.9 mg/m2 day. The geometric means of surface loading rates were 1.14, 0. 024, and 0.023 microg/m2 day for lead, cadmium, and arsenic, respectively. Factors that were significantly associated with surface loading rates included the city area of residence, automobile traffic near home, parent with occupational exposure to heavy metals, type of heating, housing characteristics, whether child's home is damp, number of persons living in the child's home, and parents' education. The most significant of these factors was the city area of residence, which reflects the distance from the metal sources; this factor accounted for about half of the variances explained by the regression models.
赫特施泰特是德国东部一座有着悠久有色金属开采和冶炼历史的城市，有多个重金属工业源。通过测量沉积在房屋灰尘中的铅、镉和砷污染水平，对赫特施泰特地区5至14岁儿童的室内金属暴露情况进行了评估。研究了影响这些污染物在房屋灰尘中的灰尘负载率和表面负载率的因素。灰尘负载率的几何平均值为8.9毫克/平方米·天。铅、镉和砷的表面负载率几何平均值分别为1.14、0.024和0.023微克/平方米·天。与表面负载率显著相关的因素包括居住城市区域、家附近的汽车交通、父母有重金属职业暴露、供暖类型、房屋特征、孩子的家是否潮湿、孩子家中居住人数以及父母的教育程度。这些因素中最显著的是居住城市区域，它反映了与金属源的距离；该因素约占回归模型解释方差的一半。
