Mselli-Lakhal L, Guiguen F, Fornazero C, Du J, Favier C, Durand J, Grezel D, Balleydier S, Mornex J F, Chebloune Y
Laboratoire Associé INRA de Recherches sur les Lentivirus Chez les Petits Ruminants, Ecole Vétérinaire de Lyon, 1 avenue Bourgelat, Marcy l'Etoile, 69280, France.
Virology. 1999 Jun 20;259(1):67-73. doi: 10.1006/viro.1999.9752.
The main route of small ruminant lentivirus dissemination is the ingestion of infected cells present in colostrum and milk from infected animals. However, whether only macrophages or other cell subtypes are involved in this transmission is unknown. We derived epithelial cell cultures, 100% cytokeratin positive, from milk of naturally infected and noninfected goats. One such culture, derived from a naturally infected goat, constitutively produced a high titer of virus in the absence of any cytopathic effect. The other cultures, negative for natural lentivirus infection, were tested for their susceptibility to infection with the CAEV-CO strain and a French field isolate CAEV-3112. We showed that milk epithelial cells are easily infected by either virus and produce viruses at titers as high as those obtained in permissive goat synovial membrane cells. The CAEV-CO strain replicated in milk epithelial cells in absence of any cytopathic effect, whereas the CAEV-3112 field isolate induced both cell fusion and cell lysis. Our results suggest that CAEV-infected milk epithelial cells of small ruminants may play an important role in virus transmission and pathogenesis.
小反刍兽疫病毒传播的主要途径是摄入受感染动物初乳和乳汁中的感染细胞。然而，尚不清楚参与这种传播的是否仅为巨噬细胞或其他细胞亚型。我们从自然感染和未感染的山羊乳汁中培养出上皮细胞，这些细胞100%细胞角蛋白呈阳性。其中一种源自自然感染山羊的培养物在无任何细胞病变效应的情况下持续产生高滴度病毒。对其他未感染天然慢病毒的培养物进行了对CAEV-CO毒株和一株法国田间分离株CAEV-3112感染的易感性测试。我们发现，乳汁上皮细胞很容易被这两种病毒感染，并产生与在易感山羊滑膜细胞中获得的滴度一样高的病毒。CAEV-CO毒株在乳汁上皮细胞中复制，且无任何细胞病变效应，而田间分离株CAEV-3112则诱导细胞融合和细胞裂解。我们的结果表明，小反刍兽疫病毒感染的小反刍动物乳汁上皮细胞可能在病毒传播和发病机制中发挥重要作用。
