Kamel F, Umbach D M, Munsat T L, Shefner J M, Sandler D P
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Neuroepidemiology. 1999;18(4):194-202. doi: 10.1159/000026211.
We explored the relationship between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and cigarette smoking in a case-control study conducted in New England from 1993 to 1996. Recently diagnosed ALS cases (n = 109) were recruited from two major referral centers. Population controls (n = 256) were identified by random telephone screening. Data were analyzed by logistic regression. After adjusting for age, sex, region and education, ever having smoked cigarettes was associated with an increase in risk for ALS (odds ratio 1.7; 95% confidence interval 1.0-2.8). Average cigarettes smoked per day, years smoked and pack-years were all greater in cases than controls, but dose-response trends were not observed. Similar numbers of cases and controls had ever used alcohol, and only a small, nonsignificant association of drinks per month with ALS was observed. The association of cigarette smoking with ALS was not affected by adjusting for alcohol use. In contrast, the weak relationship of ALS with alcohol use was apparently due to confounding by smoking.
在1993年至1996年于新英格兰地区开展的一项病例对照研究中，我们探究了肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）与吸烟之间的关系。近期诊断出的ALS病例（n = 109）来自两个主要的转诊中心。通过随机电话筛查确定了人群对照（n = 256）。数据采用逻辑回归进行分析。在对年龄、性别、地区和教育程度进行调整后，曾经吸烟与ALS风险增加相关（比值比1.7；95%置信区间1.0 - 2.8）。病例组每天平均吸烟量、吸烟年数和吸烟包年数均高于对照组，但未观察到剂量反应趋势。曾经饮酒的病例和对照数量相似，仅观察到每月饮酒量与ALS之间存在微弱的、无统计学意义的关联。吸烟与ALS之间的关联不受饮酒调整的影响。相比之下，ALS与饮酒之间的微弱关系显然是由于吸烟造成的混杂所致。
