McDougall I R, Greig W R
Ann Intern Med. 1976 Dec;85(6):720-3. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-85-6-720.
Because of the physical and radiobiologic differences between 125I and 131I, a trial using 125I to treat hyperthyroidism was undertaken in the hope of controlling hyperthyroidism without causing subsequent hypothyroidism. Three hundred fifty-five patients with diffuse toxic goitres were treated and have been under review for an average of 49.4 months: 63.4% are euthyroid, 33.5% are hypothyroid, and 3.1% remain hyperthyroid. Different groups of patients received a wide range of doses of 125I (4.0 to 56.0 mCi), and the lowest incidence of hypothyroidism (23%) was in the group that received between 6.0 and 10.5 mCi. Sixty-three percent of the patients whose initial dose was greater than 20.0 mCi are hypothyroid. Persistent hyperthyroidism was common in patients who received small doses. Because of the high incidence of posttreatment hypothyroidism in this series and because 131I has stood the test of time, we believe that 131I is the radionuclide of choice for the routine treatment of hyperthyroidism.
由于¹²⁵I与¹³¹I在物理和放射生物学方面存在差异，因此开展了一项使用¹²⁵I治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的试验，以期在不导致继发甲状腺功能减退的情况下控制甲状腺功能亢进症。对355例弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿患者进行了治疗，并对他们进行了平均49.4个月的随访：63.4%的患者甲状腺功能正常，33.5%的患者甲状腺功能减退，3.1%的患者仍为甲状腺功能亢进。不同组别的患者接受了广泛剂量范围的¹²⁵I（4.0至56.0毫居里），甲状腺功能减退发生率最低的组（23%）接受的剂量为6.0至10.5毫居里。初始剂量大于20.0毫居里的患者中有63%甲状腺功能减退。接受小剂量治疗的患者中持续性甲状腺功能亢进很常见。鉴于该系列研究中治疗后甲状腺功能减退的发生率较高，且由于¹³¹I经受住了时间的考验，我们认为¹³¹I是常规治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的首选放射性核素。
