Auger F A, Rouabhia M, Goulet F, Berthod F, Moulin V, Germain L
Département de chirurgie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Med Biol Eng Comput. 1998 Nov;36(6):801-12. doi: 10.1007/BF02518887.
The field of tissue engineering has opened several avenues in biomedical sciences, through ongoing progress. Skin substitutes are currently optimised for clinical as well as fundamental applications. The paper reviews the development of collagen-populated hydrated gels for their eventual use as a therapeutic option for the treatment of burn patients or chronic wounds: tools for pharmacological and toxicological studies, and cutaneous models for in vitro studies. These skin substitutes are produced by culturing keratinocytes on a matured dermal equivalent composed of fibroblasts included in a collagen gel. New biotechnological approaches have been developed to prevent contraction (anchoring devices) and promote epithelial cell differentiation. The impact of dermo-epidermal interactions on the differentiation and organisation of bio-engineered skin tissues has been demonstrated with human skin cells. Human skin substitutes have been adapted for percutaneous absorption studies and toxicity assessment. The evolution of these human skin substitutes has been monitored in vivo in preclinical studies showing promising results. These substitutes could also serve as in vitro models for better understanding of the immunological response and healing mechanism in human skin. Thus, such human skin substitutes present various advantages and are leading to the development of other bio-engineered tissues, such as blood vessels, ligaments and bronchi.
随着不断的进展，组织工程领域在生物医学科学中开辟了多条途径。目前，皮肤替代物已针对临床应用以及基础应用进行了优化。本文综述了含胶原蛋白的水凝胶的发展情况，其最终用途是作为治疗烧伤患者或慢性伤口的一种治疗选择：用于药理和毒理学研究的工具，以及用于体外研究的皮肤模型。这些皮肤替代物是通过在由包含在胶原凝胶中的成纤维细胞组成的成熟真皮等效物上培养角质形成细胞而产生的。已经开发出了新的生物技术方法来防止收缩（锚固装置）并促进上皮细胞分化。人皮肤细胞已经证明了真皮 - 表皮相互作用对生物工程皮肤组织的分化和组织的影响。人皮肤替代物已适用于经皮吸收研究和毒性评估。在临床前研究中，已在体内监测了这些人皮肤替代物的演变，结果显示很有前景。这些替代物还可作为体外模型，以更好地理解人类皮肤中的免疫反应和愈合机制。因此，这种人皮肤替代物具有多种优势，并正在推动其他生物工程组织的发展，如血管、韧带和支气管。
