Homolka P, Biowski R, Kaminski S, Barisani T, Husinsky W, Bergmann H, Grabner G
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, University of Vienna, Austria.
Phys Med Biol. 1999 May;44(5):1169-80. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/44/5/005.
Area laser lathing and trephination of donor corneas is used to produce different types of grafts for human transplantation. 193 nm (ArF excimer) laser radiation is used, since this is known to give a non-thermal laser-tissue interaction with a minimal zone of tissue damage. To guarantee the highest degree of flexibility concerning the overall shape of the grafts as well as their thickness profiles, we use a small (compared with the area to be ablated) scanning laser spot. For area lathing of the tissue we have developed a new ablation algorithm (optimized scanning laser ablation, OSLA) that can be applied to lathe and perforate any tissue--with concave (as in this application), convex or plane surface geometry--where surface precision and smoothness are key issues. Using OSLA with the Excimer Laser Corneal Shaping System (a tool for in vitro fabrication of all kinds of corneal transplants like donor buttons for keratoplasty, lamellar grafts for epikeratoplasty and refractive lenticules) enabled us to produce all types of corneal grafts with very high precision. This is considered to be a major improvement towards the production of refractive lenticules.
供体角膜的区域激光车削和环切用于生产不同类型的人类移植移植物。使用193纳米（ArF准分子）激光辐射，因为已知其能产生非热激光-组织相互作用，且组织损伤区域最小。为确保移植物整体形状及其厚度轮廓具有最高程度的灵活性，我们使用一个小的（与待消融区域相比）扫描激光光斑。对于组织的区域车削，我们开发了一种新的消融算法（优化扫描激光消融，OSLA），该算法可应用于车削和穿孔任何组织——具有凹面（如本应用中）、凸面或平面几何形状——其中表面精度和平滑度是关键问题。将OSLA与准分子激光角膜塑形系统（一种用于体外制造各种角膜移植片的工具，如用于角膜移植术的供体纽扣、用于表层角膜移植术的板层移植物和屈光透镜）配合使用，使我们能够以非常高的精度生产所有类型的角膜移植物。这被认为是朝着生产屈光透镜迈出的一项重大改进。
