Ziegenmeyer J, Reuter N, Meyer F R
Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1976 Dec;224(2):338-50.
Cyclohexane and hexadecane have been found to accelerate the penetration of local anesthetics (lidocaine, fomocaine, procaine) through the intact skin of guinea-pigs. Dissolved in cyclohexane, the potency of lidocaine is twice that of fomocaine, the latter being more active than procaine. When dissolved in hexadecane, the activity of the local anesthetics in markedly reduced. In combination with 2-butanone, (30% w/w), a solvent without any apparent effect on the permeability of skin, enhanced anesthetic effects are noted. The anesthetic bases, dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, produce a much deeper and longer local anesthetic effect than the solutions of their salts.
已发现环己烷和十六烷可加速局部麻醉药（利多卡因、甲哌卡因、普鲁卡因）透过豚鼠完整皮肤。溶解于环己烷中时，利多卡因的效力是甲哌卡因的两倍，而甲哌卡因比普鲁卡因更具活性。当溶解于十六烷中时，局部麻醉药的活性显著降低。与2-丁酮（30% w/w）混合时，2-丁酮对皮肤渗透性无明显影响，但可增强麻醉效果。溶解于二甲基亚砜中的麻醉碱比其盐溶液产生的局部麻醉作用更深、持续时间更长。
