Samaras K, Kelly P J, Chiano M N, Spector T D, Campbell L V
St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Ann Intern Med. 1999 Jun 1;130(11):873-82. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-130-11-199906010-00002.
The increasing prevalence of obesity has focused attention on the contribution of physical activity and its interaction with predisposing genetic factors.
To examine 1) the relation between physical activity and total-body and central abdominal fat, independent of genetic and other environmental factors, and 2) the influence of physical activity in persons who are genetically susceptible to generalized or central adiposity.
Cross-sectional study.
A London academic teaching hospital.
970 healthy female twins (mean age, 55.5 years [range, 39 to 70 years]; body mass index, 24.4 kg/m2 [range, 16.4 to 44.0 kg/mg2]). There were 241 monozygotic pairs, 228 dizygotic pairs, and 32 women whose co-twin lacked complete data. Fifty-six percent of participants were of normal weight, 30% were overweight, 7% were obese, and 7% were underweight.
Total-body and central abdominal fat were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Physical activity was assessed by quantitative and semiquantitative questionnaires. Data on dietary intake, socioeconomic status, smoking status, and use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were also gathered.
Total-body and abdominal central adiposity were lower with higher levels of home, sporting, and sweating-associated activity. Total-body and central abdominal fat were 5.6 kg and 0.44 kg lower, respectively, in participants who reported vigorous weight-bearing activity. Physical activity was the strongest independent predictor of total-body fat (beta = -0.6 [CI, -1.06 to -0.15]; P = 0.009) and central abdominal fat (beta = -0.07 [CI, -0.1 to -0.03]; P < 0.001) in a regression model that included age, diet, smoking, HRT use, and socioeconomic status. Monozygotic twin pairs who were concordant for smoking and HRT status but were discordant for moderate-intensity sport showed greater within-pair differences in total-body fat than those who were concordant for activity level. In this model, 1 and 2 hours of moderate-intensity sport accounted for within-pair differences of 1.0 kg (P = 0.050) and 1.4 kg (P = 0.040), respectively, of total-body fat. In participants who had an overweight twin, higher levels of physical activity were still associated with 3.96-kg lower total-body fat and 0.53-kg lower central abdominal fat.
Current physical activity predicts lower total-body and central abdominal adiposity in healthy middle-aged women. After controlling for genetic and environmental factors, the influence of physical activity was greater than that of other measured environmental factors. Participants with a genetic predisposition to adiposity did not show a lesser effect of physical activity on body fat mass.
肥胖患病率的不断上升使人们将注意力集中在身体活动的作用及其与易患遗传因素的相互作用上。
1）研究身体活动与全身及腹部中央脂肪之间的关系，独立于遗传和其他环境因素；2）研究身体活动对遗传易患全身性或腹部中央肥胖者的影响。
横断面研究。
伦敦一家学术教学医院。
970名健康女性双胞胎（平均年龄55.5岁[范围39至70岁]；体重指数24.4kg/m²[范围16.4至44.0kg/mg²]）。其中有241对同卵双胞胎，228对异卵双胞胎，以及32名其双胞胎缺乏完整数据的女性。56%的参与者体重正常，30%超重，7%肥胖，7%体重过轻。
通过双能X线吸收法测量全身及腹部中央脂肪。通过定量和半定量问卷评估身体活动。还收集了饮食摄入、社会经济状况、吸烟状况和激素替代疗法（HRT）使用情况的数据。
家庭、体育和与出汗相关的活动水平越高，全身及腹部中央肥胖程度越低。报告有剧烈负重活动的参与者，全身脂肪和腹部中央脂肪分别低5.6kg和0.44kg。在包含年龄、饮食、吸烟、HRT使用和社会经济状况的回归模型中，身体活动是全身脂肪（β=-0.6[CI，-1.06至-0.15]；P=0.009）和腹部中央脂肪（β=-0.07[CI，-0.1至-0.03]；P<0.001）最强的独立预测因素。吸烟和HRT状态一致但中等强度运动不一致的同卵双胞胎对，其全身脂肪的双胞胎对内差异大于运动水平一致的双胞胎对。在该模型中，1小时和2小时的中等强度运动分别导致全身脂肪的双胞胎对内差异为1.0kg（P=约0.050）和1.4kg（P=0.040）。在有超重双胞胎的参与者中，较高的身体活动水平仍与全身脂肪低3.96kg和腹部中央脂肪低0.53kg相关。
当前的身体活动可预测健康中年女性较低的全身及腹部中央肥胖程度。在控制遗传和环境因素后，身体活动的影响大于其他测量的环境因素。有肥胖遗传易感性的参与者，身体活动对身体脂肪量的影响并未减弱。
