Burridge L E, Haya K, Zitko V, Waddy S
Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Biological Station, St Andrews, New Brunswick, E0G 2X0, Canada.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1999 Jun;43(2):165-9. doi: 10.1006/eesa.1999.1771.
The pesticide formulation Salmosan (47.5% w/w azamethiphos) is currently registered for use, in Canada, to treat salmonids for infestations of the copepod parasites, Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus (sea lice). Determination was made of the acute lethality of this product to the three larval stages, the first postlarval stage, and the adult of the American lobster (Homarus americanus), a species of significant economic importance in Eastern Canada. The 48-h LC50 (as azamethiphos) is 3.57 microg/liter for Stage I, 1.03 microg/liter for Stage II, 2.29 microg/liter for Stage III, 2.12 microg/liter for Stage IV (the first postlarval stage), and 1.39 microg/liter for adults. These concentrations are not significantly different from each other, although the variability in response is greater in the larval stages than in the postlarvae or adults. These data when interpreted in conjunction with known physical oceanographic data and chemical dispersion studies indicate that single anti-louse treatments are unlikely to result in mortality among lobsters in the vicinity of salmon farms. However, the sublethal effects of this product and the effects of repeated exposures have yet to be determined.
农药制剂Salmosan（47.5%重量/重量的唑磷）目前在加拿大已注册用于治疗感染了桡足类寄生虫鲑鱼虱（Lepeophtheirus salmonis）和长刺鱼虱（Caligus elongatus）的鲑科鱼类。本研究测定了该产品对美国龙虾（美洲螯龙虾，Homarus americanus）三个幼体阶段、第一期后期幼体及成体的急性致死率，美国龙虾在加拿大东部具有重要经济价值。48小时半数致死浓度（以唑磷计），第一期幼体为3.57微克/升，第二期为1.03微克/升，第三期为2.29微克/升，第四期（第一期后期幼体）为2.12微克/升，成体为1.39微克/升。这些浓度之间无显著差异，尽管幼体阶段的反应变异性大于后期幼体或成体。结合已知的物理海洋学数据和化学扩散研究来解释这些数据表明，单次灭虱处理不太可能导致鲑鱼养殖场附近龙虾死亡。然而，该产品的亚致死效应以及重复暴露的影响尚未确定。
