The crescentic first metatarsal basilar osteotomy for correction of metatarsus primus varus.

The crescentic basilar first metatarsal osteotomy has been largely abandoned by the podiatric community in recent years in favor of proximal wedge-type osteotomies for the correction of metatarsus primus varus with large intermetatarsal angles. In most cases, this was due to the inherent instability of the osteotomy and difficulties with fixation. However, the crescentic osteotomy has the ability to correct in all three planes with less shortening than the wedge-type osteotomies. New fixation techniques, such as the small cannulated screw systems, have allowed for less technical difficulty in obtaining rigid internal fixation. In this article, the authors describe the results in 29 feet (27 patients) where the crescentic osteotomy was performed along with a metatarsaphalangeal joint procedure ranging from a McBride (with or without lateral sesamoidectomy) to a phalangeal osteotomy. Preoperative intermetatarsal angles ranged from 11 degrees to 22 degrees, with an average of 18.6 degrees. Postoperative intermetatarsal angles ranged from 2.6 degrees to 8.2 degrees with an average of 5.1 degrees. The preoperative hallux abductovalgus angles ranged from 25 degrees to 38 degrees, with an average of 33.6 degrees. The postoperative hallux abductovalgus angles ranged from 4 degrees to 18 degrees with an average of 11 degrees. Complications included one hallux varus, one delayed union, and three cases of superficial cellulitis that resolved with oral antibiotic therapy.