Darnton-Hill I
Helen Keller International, New York, NY 10006, USA.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 1999 Jun;23(3):309-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.1999.tb01262.x.
This paper takes a public health approach to examine briefly: (i) the global magnitude and consequences of deficiencies of iodine, vitamin A and iron; (ii) the intervention options for addressing the deficiencies and associated critical issues; (iii) roles of the main 'players' involved; (iv) current programs and results.
Analysis of the literature, especially that coming from the UN agencies; distillation of experience from the recently completed OMNI Project, and involvement in relevant international meetings.
More than one in three individuals throughout the world are at risk of the health and development consequences of iron, vitamin A and/or iodine deficiencies. There has been a 40% decline in the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency over the last 10 years. More than 60% of all salt is now fortified with iodine.
Significant progress has been made, particularly with the iodine deficiency disorders and vitamin A deficiency. Little apparent progress has been made with iron deficiency anaemia.
National governments, UN multilateral agencies, international consultative groups, bilateral agencies, global and national non-governmental organisations, and increasingly, the private sector need to work together in looking for innovative approaches, especially for iron, increasing awareness of the broader social and public health nutrition context, and supporting increased international funding.
本文采用公共卫生方法简要审视：（i）碘、维生素A和铁缺乏在全球范围内的严重程度及后果；（ii）解决这些缺乏问题及相关关键问题的干预措施；（iii）主要“参与者”的作用；（iv）当前项目及成果。
对文献进行分析，尤其是来自联合国机构的文献；提炼近期完成的综合营养项目的经验，并参与相关国际会议。
全世界超过三分之一的人面临因铁、维生素A和/或碘缺乏而导致健康和发育问题的风险。在过去10年中，维生素A缺乏症的患病率下降了40%。现在超过60%的食盐加了碘。
已取得显著进展，尤其是在碘缺乏病和维生素A缺乏方面。缺铁性贫血方面进展甚微。
各国政府、联合国多边机构、国际咨询小组、双边机构、全球和国家非政府组织，以及越来越多的私营部门需要共同努力，寻找创新方法，尤其是针对铁缺乏问题，提高对更广泛社会和公共卫生营养背景的认识，并支持增加国际资金投入。
