Rogers N K, Gilbert C E, Foster A, Zakhidov B O, McCollum C J
International Center for Eye Health, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Eye (Lond). 1999;13 ( Pt 1):65-70. doi: 10.1038/eye.1999.13.
To elucidate the aetiology of childhood blindness in the Republic of Uzbekistan and to assess the needs for future provision of ophthalmic services for children.
Six hundred and seventy-one children in seven schools for the blind and visually impaired throughout Uzbekistan were examined using the WHO/PBL (World Health Organization Prevention Of Blindness) childhood blindness proforma. The locations were chosen to give a representation of the major areas of population within the country.
Of the 671 children examined, 506 (75.4%) were blind or severely visually impaired (corrected visual acuity of less than 6/60 (20/200) in the better eye). Cataract-related blindness (35%), retinal dystrophies (24%) and microphthalmos (23%) formed the three largest diagnostic categories.
The commonest avoidable cause of blindness was found to be cataract; the cause of poor vision may be due to unoperated cataract, aphakia, amblyopia or post-operative capsular fibrosis. The high proportion of retinal dystrophies may be related to the common practice of consanguineous marriage. The frequent finding of microphthalmos is discussed and compared with findings from other surveys. Glaucoma accounted for approximately 5% of the avoidable blindness.
阐明乌兹别克斯坦共和国儿童失明的病因，并评估未来为儿童提供眼科服务的需求。
使用世界卫生组织/防盲组织（世界卫生组织预防失明）儿童失明表格，对乌兹别克斯坦七所盲校和视力障碍学校的671名儿童进行了检查。所选地点代表了该国主要人口区域。
在接受检查的671名儿童中，506名（75.4%）失明或有严重视力障碍（较好眼的矫正视力低于6/60（20/200））。与白内障相关的失明（35%）、视网膜营养不良（24%）和小眼症（23%）构成了三大诊断类别。
发现最常见的可避免失明原因是白内障；视力不佳的原因可能是未手术的白内障、无晶状体、弱视或术后囊膜纤维化。视网膜营养不良的高比例可能与近亲结婚的普遍做法有关。对小眼症的频繁发现进行了讨论，并与其他调查结果进行了比较。青光眼约占可避免失明的5%。
