Cohen R Z, Seeman M V, Gotowiec A, Kopala L
National Human Genome Research Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Jul;156(7):1059-64. doi: 10.1176/ajp.156.7.1059.
The aim of this study was to determine whether puberty plays a mediating role in onset of schizophrenia. The hypothesis was that there is an inverse relation between age at puberty (menarche) and age at onset in women.
Competent and consenting individuals with DSM-IV-defined schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and their mothers underwent a 45-minute interview to ascertain age at first odd behavior, age at first psychotic symptoms, age at first hospitalization, and ages at various indices of puberty. Information about substance use, head injury, perinatal trauma, and first-degree family history of schizophrenia was also obtained.
In the women (N = 35), the earlier the age at menarche, the later the ages at both the first psychotic symptoms and the first hospitalization. There was no significant association between puberty and onset in the men (N = 45). Other than gender, none of the examined variables played a role in the interaction of puberty and onset of illness.
In women, early puberty (whether through hormonal or social influence) was associated with later onset of schizophrenia. This effect was not found in men; in fact, the trend was in the opposite direction.
本研究旨在确定青春期是否在精神分裂症发病中起中介作用。假设是青春期（初潮）年龄与女性发病年龄之间存在负相关关系。
符合DSM-IV定义的精神分裂症或分裂情感性障碍的有行为能力且同意参与的个体及其母亲接受了45分钟的访谈，以确定首次出现怪异行为的年龄、首次出现精神病性症状的年龄、首次住院的年龄以及青春期各指标的年龄。还获取了有关物质使用、头部受伤、围产期创伤以及精神分裂症一级家族史的信息。
在女性（N = 35）中，初潮年龄越早，首次出现精神病性症状和首次住院的年龄越晚。在男性（N = 45）中，青春期与发病之间无显著关联。除性别外，所检查的变量均未在青春期与疾病发病的相互作用中起作用。
在女性中，青春期提前（无论是通过激素还是社会影响）与精神分裂症发病较晚有关。在男性中未发现这种效应；事实上，趋势相反。
