Whaley A L
Department of Social Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia School of Public Health, New York, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1999 Jun;24(6):376-82. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00153-0.
Adolescents are at high risk for negative health outcomes associated with unprotected sexual intercourse including infection with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and unintended pregnancy. That unprotected sexual intercourse is the risk behavior common to both problems has not been fully capitalized on in prevention programs. Limited knowledge about the effects of type-of-outcome expectancy (i.e., disease vs. pregnancy) on the association between risk perceptions and precautionary or health-protective sexual behavior makes it difficult to determine what preventive approach would be most effective with adolescents. The literature suggests that pregnancy prevention is a greater concern for adolescents than disease prevention. This review focuses on the implications of these differential risk perceptions for HIV/AIDS prevention programs targeting adolescents.
青少年面临着与无保护性行为相关的负面健康后果的高风险，包括感染人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（HIV/AIDS）和意外怀孕。无保护性行为是这两个问题共有的风险行为，但在预防项目中尚未得到充分利用。关于结果预期类型（即疾病与怀孕）对风险认知与预防性或健康保护性性行为之间关联的影响的知识有限，这使得难以确定哪种预防方法对青少年最有效。文献表明，与疾病预防相比，青少年更关注怀孕预防。本综述重点关注这些不同的风险认知对针对青少年的HIV/AIDS预防项目的影响。
