VandenBergh M F, Verweij P E, Voss A
Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;34(3):221-7. doi: 10.1016/s0732-8893(99)00026-7.
The incidence rates of invasive aspergillosis have increased dramatically during the last two decades, and, despite all diagnostic and therapeutic efforts, outcome is often fatal. Therefore, preventive measures are of major importance in the control of invasive aspergillosis, and require full understanding of the epidemiology of this devastating disease. The environment has been suggested to play a crucial role in the epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis. Aspergillus spores are released in the air and may remain airborne for prolonged periods. As a result, spores are ubiquitously found in air and contaminate anything in contact with air. It has been hypothesized that the inhalation of airborne Aspergillus spores, either directly or through intermediate nasopharyngeal colonization, is a direct cause of pulmonary infection in immunocompromised patients. Recently, water has been suggested as an additional source of "airborne" Aspergillus spp. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of the environment in the epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis.
在过去二十年中，侵袭性曲霉病的发病率急剧上升，尽管采取了所有诊断和治疗措施，但其结局往往是致命的。因此，预防措施对于控制侵袭性曲霉病至关重要，并且需要充分了解这种毁灭性疾病的流行病学。已有研究表明，环境在侵袭性曲霉病的流行病学中起着关键作用。曲霉孢子释放到空气中，并可能长时间悬浮在空气中。因此，孢子在空气中普遍存在，并会污染任何与空气接触的东西。据推测，免疫功能低下患者吸入空气中的曲霉孢子，无论是直接吸入还是通过鼻咽部的中间定植，都是肺部感染的直接原因。最近，水被认为是“空气传播”曲霉属的另一个来源。本综述总结了目前关于环境在侵袭性曲霉病流行病学中作用的知识。
