Obar Joshua J, Hohl Tobias M, Cramer Robert A
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States.
Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.
Cytokine. 2016 Aug;84:63-73. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.05.015. Epub 2016 May 30.
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) remains a devastating disease in immune compromised patients despite significant advances in our understanding of fungal virulence and host defense mechanisms. In this review, we summarize important research advances in the fight against IA with particular focus on early events in the interactions between Aspergillus fumigatus and the host that occur in the respiratory tract. Advances in understanding mechanisms of immune effector cell recruitment, antifungal effector mechanisms, and how the dynamic host-fungal interaction alters the local microenvironment to effect outcomes are highlighted. These advances illustrate exciting new therapeutic opportunities, but also emphasize the importance of understanding each unique fungus-host interaction for improving patient outcomes.
侵袭性曲霉病(IA)在免疫功能低下的患者中仍然是一种极具破坏性的疾病,尽管我们对真菌毒力和宿主防御机制的理解取得了重大进展。在本综述中,我们总结了对抗IA的重要研究进展,特别关注烟曲霉与宿主在呼吸道发生相互作用的早期事件。重点介绍了在免疫效应细胞募集机制、抗真菌效应机制以及动态的宿主-真菌相互作用如何改变局部微环境以影响结局方面取得的进展。这些进展不仅展示了令人兴奋的新治疗机会,也强调了理解每种独特的真菌-宿主相互作用对改善患者预后的重要性。