Pendse B, Westrin A, Engström G
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.
J Affect Disord. 1999 Jul;54(1-2):55-65. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(98)00134-7.
Very few studies have compared the temperament traits in matched suicidal and non-suicidal patients with major depression.
We compared the temperament traits in two matched groups of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), MDD with seasonal subtype (SAD) without any suicide attempt (n = 23) and MDD without seasonal variation who attempted suicide (non-SAD SA), and compared the patients to matched healthy controls by using the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP) and the Marke-Nyman Temperament (MNT) questionnaires.
Both the SAD and non-SAD SA groups showed significantly higher Somatic Anxiety, Muscular Tension, Psychasthenia, Irritability, Suspicion, and lower Socialization and Validity than the controls. The non-SAD SA group also showed significantly higher Psychic Anxiety, Detachment and Guilt as compared to controls. When the SAD and the non-SAD SA were compared, we found significantly higher Somatic Anxiety, Psychic Anxiety and Muscular Tension for the non-SAD SA group.
Both SAD and non-SAD SA patients display different temperament profiles compared to controls and in comparison with each other and the suicide attempters show especially high trait anxiety and hostility.
The results suggest that trait anxiety and hostility, but not impulsivity, are associated with suicidal behavior in major depression.
极少有研究比较过匹配的自杀未遂与未自杀的重度抑郁症患者的气质特征。
我们比较了两组匹配的重度抑郁症（MDD）患者的气质特征，一组是季节性亚型（SAD）且无任何自杀未遂行为的MDD患者（n = 23），另一组是无季节性变化且有自杀未遂行为的MDD患者（非SAD SA），并通过使用卡罗林斯卡个性量表（KSP）和马克 - 尼曼气质问卷（MNT）将这些患者与匹配的健康对照者进行比较。
与对照组相比，SAD组和非SAD SA组在躯体焦虑、肌肉紧张、精神衰弱、易怒、猜疑方面得分显著更高，而在社交能力和效度方面得分更低。与对照组相比，非SAD SA组在精神焦虑、超脱和内疚方面得分也显著更高。当比较SAD组和非SAD SA组时，我们发现非SAD SA组在躯体焦虑、精神焦虑和肌肉紧张方面得分显著更高。
与对照组相比，SAD组和非SAD SA组患者均表现出不同的气质特征，且两组之间也存在差异，自杀未遂者表现出尤其高的特质焦虑和敌意。
结果表明，特质焦虑和敌意而非冲动性与重度抑郁症中的自杀行为相关。
