McCann L M
Satellite Dialysis Centers, Inc., Redwood City, California 94063, USA.
Perit Dial Int. 1999;19 Suppl 2:S527-32.
Malnutrition is common in patients with renal failure. Causes of malnutrition in this population are varied and sometimes specific to the method of renal replacement therapy. No single marker absolutely identifies malnutrition or tracks changes in status. Renal dietitians use a variety of parameters and techniques to identify malnutrition because many of the traditional markers can be skewed by renal disease and its comorbidities. Once malnutrition is identified, treatment is also complex and not well defined. Treatment is usually progressive in nature, ranging from intense nutritional counseling to total parenteral nutrition. Further research is needed to define optimal nutrition status, to refine techniques to maintain optimal nutrition status, to simplify the identification of malnutrition, and to improve the treatment for malnutrition.
营养不良在肾衰竭患者中很常见。该人群营养不良的原因多种多样，有时与肾脏替代治疗方法有关。没有单一的标志物能绝对地识别营养不良或追踪其状态变化。肾脏营养师使用多种参数和技术来识别营养不良，因为许多传统标志物会受到肾脏疾病及其合并症的影响而产生偏差。一旦识别出营养不良，治疗也很复杂且尚无明确的定义。治疗通常是渐进性的，从强化营养咨询到全胃肠外营养。需要进一步研究来确定最佳营养状态，完善维持最佳营养状态的技术，简化营养不良的识别方法，并改善营养不良的治疗。
