Steffen T, Uchtenhagen A, Gutzwiller F
Institut für Suchtforschung, Zürich.
Praxis (Bern 1994). 1999 May 12;88(20):900-6.
Although the smoking rate in Switzerland had declined during the 1970s and 1980s, it has not continued to decrease during the 1990s. About one third of the population in Switzerland smoked in 1997. Striking is a sharp increase in young female smokers during recent years. The portion of 15- to 25-year-old female smokers rose from 26% (1992) to 41% (1997). This undesirable development calls for making the most of preventive initiatives to date. Beside primary prevention steps, the range of assistance for smokers also needs to be extended. In addition to the smoking withdrawal counselling introduced, development of a range of programmes should also be expanded to assist smokers who have currently been unable to quit. Reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked within the framework of intensive specialist care can make sense in this situation. In the near future, pharmacological aids (nicotine substitute preparations) are also anticipated for this purpose. The most important resources for such smoker counselling will be presented. Future studies should focus on optimising reduction treatment as a new approach toward treatment.
尽管瑞士的吸烟率在20世纪70年代和80年代有所下降，但在90年代却没有继续降低。1997年，瑞士约有三分之一的人口吸烟。近年来，年轻女性吸烟者数量急剧增加，这一现象令人震惊。15至25岁女性吸烟者的比例从1992年的26%上升到了1997年的41%。这种不良发展态势要求充分利用迄今为止的预防措施。除了初级预防措施外，对吸烟者的援助范围也需要扩大。除了已推出的戒烟咨询服务外，还应扩大一系列项目的开发，以帮助目前仍无法戒烟的吸烟者。在这种情况下，在强化专科护理框架内减少吸烟量是有意义的。在不久的将来，预计还会有用于此目的的药物辅助手段（尼古丁替代制剂）。将介绍此类吸烟者咨询的最重要资源。未来的研究应将重点放在优化减少吸烟治疗这一新型治疗方法上。
