de Weerth A, Bläker M, von Schrenck T
Medizinische Kernklinik und Poliklinik, Universitäts-Krankenhaus Eppendorf, Hamburg.
Z Gastroenterol. 1999 May;37(5):389-401.
Cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin belong to one family of gastrointestinal peptides that regulate a variety of functions in the gastrointestinal tract and in the central nervous system. On the basis of pharmacological, physiological and molecular studies, receptors for these peptides can be divided into at least two different types: CCKA- and CCKB-receptors. CCKA- and CCKB-receptors are both G-protein coupled receptors and are highly conserved between species. Molecular techniques have revealed a distinct species- and tissue-specific variation in receptor expression and pharmacology. In addition, previously unknown targets for CCK and gastrin such as the kidney were identified. This review discusses the physiological functions of the hormones CCK and gastrin and their receptors. The molecular structure of these receptors and the results of recent structure-function analysis are reviewed.
胆囊收缩素（CCK）和胃泌素属于胃肠肽家族，它们调节胃肠道和中枢神经系统的多种功能。基于药理学、生理学和分子研究，这些肽的受体可分为至少两种不同类型：CCKA受体和CCKB受体。CCKA受体和CCKB受体均为G蛋白偶联受体，在物种间高度保守。分子技术揭示了受体表达和药理学存在明显的物种和组织特异性差异。此外，还发现了CCK和胃泌素以前未知的靶标，如肾脏。本文综述了CCK和胃泌素这两种激素及其受体的生理功能。还综述了这些受体的分子结构以及最近结构功能分析的结果。
