Hughes E R, Leighton T G, Petley G W, White P R
Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton, UK.
Ultrasound Med Biol. 1999 Jun;25(5):811-21. doi: 10.1016/s0301-5629(99)00034-4.
The theoretical modeling of ultrasonic propagation in cancellous bone is pertinent to improving the ultrasonic diagnosis of osteoporosis. First, this paper reviews applications of Biot's theory to this problem. Next, a new approach is presented, based on an idealization of cancellous bone as a periodic array of bone-marrow layers. Schoenberg's theory is applied to this model to predict wave properties. Bovine bone samples were tested in vitro using pulses centered at 1 MHz over various angles relative to the orientated cancellous structure. Two longitudinal modes (fast and slow waves) were observed for propagation parallel to the structure, but only one was observed for propagation normal to the structure. Angular-dependence of velocities was examined, and the fast wave was found to be strongly anisotropic. These results gave qualitative agreement with predictions of Schoenberg's theory. Although this new model is a simplification of the cancellous architecture, it has potential for future research.
松质骨中超声传播的理论建模对于改善骨质疏松症的超声诊断具有重要意义。首先，本文回顾了比奥理论在该问题上的应用。接下来，提出了一种新方法，该方法基于将松质骨理想化地视为骨髓层的周期性阵列。将舍恩伯格理论应用于该模型以预测波的特性。使用以1MHz为中心的脉冲在相对于定向松质结构的各种角度下对牛骨样本进行体外测试。对于平行于结构的传播观察到两种纵向模式（快波和慢波），但对于垂直于结构的传播仅观察到一种。研究了速度的角度依赖性，发现快波具有很强的各向异性。这些结果与舍恩伯格理论的预测在定性上一致。尽管这个新模型是松质骨结构的简化，但它具有未来研究的潜力。
