Zahm D S
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, Missouri 63104, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999 Jun 29;877:113-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09264.x.
The nucleus accumbens, a major part of the ventral striatum, comprises numerous subterritories and compartments, of which the core and shell appear to be dominant. Shell exhibits greater chemical neuroanatomical diversity than core and is rather directly connected to it by a robust, feed-forward, striatopallido-thalamocortico-striatal pathway. Shell and extended amygdala share afferents, but the two are distinguished by their outputs, strongly toward cortex for shell and descendent toward brain stem effector sites for extended amygdala. Shell responds independently to stimulation by excitatory amino acids and dopamine, which are more mutually permissive in the core. Accordingly, the shell responds to a broad variety of physiological and pharmacological stimuli, including psychomotor and opioid drugs. Whereas locomotion and oro-facial movements are elicitable from the shell, lesions and blockade of EAA transmission in the core reduce locomotion. It is hypothesized that core-shell has a feed-forward functional organization.
伏隔核是腹侧纹状体的主要组成部分，包含众多亚区域和分区，其中核心区和壳区似乎占主导地位。壳区比核心区表现出更大的化学神经解剖学多样性，并且通过一条强大的、前馈的、纹状体-苍白球-丘脑-皮质-纹状体通路与其直接相连。壳区和扩展杏仁核共享传入神经，但两者在输出方面有所不同，壳区的输出强烈指向皮质，而扩展杏仁核的输出则向下指向脑干效应器部位。壳区对兴奋性氨基酸和多巴胺的刺激有独立反应，而在核心区这两种物质的相互作用更为明显。因此，壳区对多种生理和药理刺激有反应，包括精神运动性药物和阿片类药物。虽然从壳区可引发运动和口面部运动，但核心区的兴奋性氨基酸传递受损和被阻断会减少运动。据推测，核心区-壳区具有前馈功能组织。
