Engström Y
Department of Molecular Biology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Dev Comp Immunol. 1999 Jun-Jul;23(4-5):345-58. doi: 10.1016/s0145-305x(99)00016-6.
Activation of the innate immune response involves recognition of the infectious agent and the subsequent activation of cellular and humoral reactions. In insects, a number of immunity genes are activated at the level of transcription leading to the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides. Genetic analyses in Drosophila have identified several signal transduction pathways that promote activation of these immunity genes. Recent data suggest that the insect immune system is able to discriminate between a bacterial and a fungal infection, and responds by higher levels of activation of the appropriate peptides to repel the infection. These and other recent data on transcription factors and regulation of antimicrobial genes are integrated into a model to suggest how differential activation of antifungal and antibacterial peptides can occur in response to fungal and bacterial infection.
天然免疫反应的激活涉及对感染因子的识别以及随后细胞和体液反应的激活。在昆虫中，许多免疫基因在转录水平被激活，从而导致抗菌肽的合成。果蝇的遗传学分析已经确定了几种促进这些免疫基因激活的信号转导途径。最近的数据表明，昆虫免疫系统能够区分细菌感染和真菌感染，并通过更高水平地激活相应的肽来抵御感染做出反应。这些以及其他关于转录因子和抗菌基因调控的最新数据被整合到一个模型中，以说明在真菌感染和细菌感染时，抗真菌肽和抗菌肽的差异激活是如何发生的。
