Stern J, Brüwer M, Huber F X, Decker-Baumann C
Chirurgische Abteilung, St. Josefs-Hospital, Dortmund.
Chirurg. 1999 Jun;70(6):627-34. doi: 10.1007/s001040050698.
In addition to psychological stress, stomas may lead to metabolic consequences. Colostomies normally cause only minor physiological problems; however, patients with ileostomies are at risk for severe metabolic disturbances. The small intestine essentially manages the balance of water and electrolytes and the absorption of nutrition. In special circumstances such as "high output" or short-bowel syndrome, dangerous consequences like kidney disorders may arise. Basic therapeutic strategies such as enteral or parenteral substitution are discussed.
除心理压力外，造口还可能导致代谢后果。结肠造口术通常仅引起轻微的生理问题；然而，回肠造口术患者有发生严重代谢紊乱的风险。小肠主要负责水和电解质的平衡以及营养物质的吸收。在诸如“高输出量”或短肠综合征等特殊情况下，可能会出现像肾脏疾病这样的危险后果。文中讨论了诸如肠内或肠外替代等基本治疗策略。
