Farr K A, Cohen-Fix O
The Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Eur J Biochem. 1999 Jul;263(1):14-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00510.x.
The metaphase to anaphase transition is a point of no return; the duplicated sister chromatids segregate to the future daughter cells, and any mistake in this process may be deleterious to both progeny. At the heart of this process lies the anaphase inhibitor, which must be degraded in order for this transition to take place. The degradation of the anaphase inhibitor occurs via the ubiquitin-degradation pathway, and it involves the activity of the cyclosome/anaphase promoting complex (APC). The fidelity of the metaphase to anaphase transition is ensured by several different regulatory mechanisms that modulate the activity of the cyclosome/APC. Great advancements have been made in this field in the past few years, but many questions still remain to be answered.
从中期到后期的转变是不可逆转的；复制后的姐妹染色单体分离到未来的子细胞中，这一过程中的任何错误都可能对两个子代细胞有害。这一过程的核心是后期抑制因子，为了实现这一转变，它必须被降解。后期抑制因子的降解通过泛素降解途径发生，并且涉及到细胞周期体/后期促进复合体（APC）的活性。从中期到后期转变的保真度由几种不同的调节机制保证，这些机制调节细胞周期体/APC的活性。在过去几年里，该领域取得了巨大进展，但仍有许多问题有待解答。
