Bar-Tal Y, Raviv A, Spitzer A
Department of Nursing, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1999 Jul;77(1):33-51. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.77.1.33.
The authors examined the hypothesis that the interaction between the need for cognitive structure (NCS) and the ability to achieve cognitive structure (AACS) moderates the effect of stress on information processing. NCS is the preference for using cognitive structuring, as opposed to piecemeal processes, as a means to achieve certainty. AACS is the extent to which individuals are able to apply information processes that are consistent with their levels of NCS. The hypothesis was validated in 4 studies, which showed that stress increased high-AACS participants' use of cognitive structuring if they had high NCS and reduced it if they had low NCS. An opposite effect was found for low-AACS participants. The implications of these results for the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the effect of stress on information processing are discussed.
认知结构需求（NCS）与实现认知结构的能力（AACS）之间的相互作用会调节压力对信息处理的影响。NCS是指倾向于使用认知结构化而非零碎的过程作为实现确定性的手段。AACS是指个体能够应用与其NCS水平相一致的信息处理过程的程度。该假设在4项研究中得到了验证，研究表明，压力会增加高AACS参与者（如果他们有高NCS）对认知结构化的使用，而如果他们有低NCS则会减少这种使用。对于低AACS参与者则发现了相反的效果。文中讨论了这些结果对于理解压力对信息处理产生影响的机制的意义。
